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1 blásnauîur
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2 VESALL
(vesöl or vesul, vesalt, pl. vesalir or veslir), a.1) poor, destitute, wretched (vesöl arfasáta);2) with gen. wretched in respect of (vesöl eru vér konungs).* * *adj., fem. vesul or vesöl, neut. vesalt. The forms vary, being contracted or uncontracted, veslir, etc., as well as vesalir, etc., whence lastly, vesælir, etc.:α. contr. veslir, veslar, veslum, Al. 57, Th. 6; vesla (acc. pl.), Hom. 109; veslu (gen. fem.), Post. (Unger) 108; veslir, Ó. H. 151, Sks. 681; vesla (gen.), Fms. viii. 242 (vesæla, v. l. of a later vellum); selum ok veslum.β. uncontr. vesala = vesla, Fms. ii. 46; vesala, Post. (Unger) 18 (vesæla, v. l.); vesalir, Al. 96, l. 18; this regular declension is still in full use in Icel. speech, only not contracted, e. g. vesall, vesalingr, vesalir (not veslir); vesæla, Fas. i. 49 (paper MS.): so also in the compar. either vesalli, Greg. 37, Sd. 188; vesalla, 656 C. 34; vesalstr, Kormak, Bjarn. (in a verse); but veslari, Barl. 23 (vesalli, v. l.) Ves is the root, - all the inflexive syllable; the form vesæll is a later form, from a false etymology, as if from vé- privative, and sæll, happy. The origin of vesall is dubious, the radical s is against a derivation from the compar. verri, Goth. wairiza; and the short vowel is against deriving it from vás, vés, q. v. The true etymology, we believe, is that vesall stands for ‘usall,’ being derived from the prep. ur, or-, in its ancient form us; Goth. us-; Icel. ur-, ör-; this etymology is confirmed by form and sense alike; the old phrases, alls vesall ( omnium expers), vesall eigu ( proprii expers), were originally alliterative phrases; in Hm. 22, 69, vesall is made to alliterate with a vowel (vesall maðr ok ílla skapi … erat maðr alls vesall þótt hann sé ílla heill); usall is actually found written in Nj. (Lat.) 264, v. l.; the change of us into ves may be illustrated by the case of várr (q. v.); it is the opposite to that vocalisation of v which so frequently takes place. As to sense, vesall originally meant bereft, destitute of, = Lat. expers; and is followed by a genitive: [the Dan. form is usel, less right ussel.]B. Usages:I. with gen. bereft of; mæl þú alls vesall, Nj. 124, v. l.; ok em ek vesall eigu, bereft of my own, Háv. 42 new Ed.; mæl þú alls usall, Nj. (Lat.) 264, v. l. (but allz vesall the other vellums): wretched in respect to, vesall þóttisk þóttisk hann sinnar úgæfu, Hom. 121; vesall vígs, Am. 58; vesall ertú halds, Dropl. 30; vesöl eru vér konungs, Fms. vi. 322.II. poor, destitute, wretched; þú vesall, Ls. 40, 42; mér vesalli, Stj. 523; bað hana aldri þrífask svá vesul sem hón var, Nj. 194; vesöl vættr, Hom. 150; veslir menn, poor wretches, Ó. H., l. c.; veslir menn ok vitlausir, Barl. 25; aumhjartaðr við alla vesla menn, Hom. 109; þat er veslum til vilnaðar, Al. 57; sú önd er enn vesalli, Greg. 37; þykki mér því betr sem þú görir hana vesalli, Sd. 188; sú önd er vesöl, … enn vesalli (still more wretched), er …, Greg. 37; vei verði mér veslum, Th. 6; sælum ok veslum, Ó. H. 126, Mork. 216; vesælum, Fms. vii. 220, l. c.; sá veit ekki sér vesalla, 656 C. 34, and passim, see A above.III. as a nickname; inn vesæli (= vesli), Fms. vi. 16, 17. -
3 vaðinn
pp. gone, done with, destitute; vaðin at vilja, joy-bereft.* * *part., prop. gone, done with, cp. genginn (ganga C. X): destitute, poor, vaðin at vilja, joy-bereft, Akv. 29, Hm. 4, Skv. 3. 55. -
4 vallari
m. destitute person, tramp, beggar; vagabond, wanderer.* * *a, m. [from mid. Lat. wallus; cp. Germ. wallfahrten], prop. a pilgrim, traveller in a foreign land, hence a destitute person, tramp; eyða landit með mörgum stafkarlum ok öðrum vallarum, N. G. L. iii. 29; sem einn v., en nú er hann svá stollz ok svá ríkr, at …, Þiðr. 299; capra er skygn, svá at hón kennir hvárt eru vallarar eðr veiðimenn, sem einn v. ok forflóttamaðr …, Bret. 53; hann (Cain) raksk víða veraldar svá sem vallari, Stj. 43, 94, 113. -
5 øreigi
a. indecl. destitute, poor. -
6 and-vana
and andvani, adj. ind., and now andvanr, adj.I. [and- and vanr, solitus], destitute, wanting; with gen., a. átu, lífs a., auðs ok alls gamans a., Hkv. 2. 31, Völs. kviður, Lex. Poët.; alls a. nema víls ok vesaldar, Fms. iii. 95; a. heilsu, Magn. 512; alls a., of the beggar Lazarus, Greg. 24; a. þeirrar þjónustu, in want of, Post. 656 B; margs a., Bret. 174; a eigna várra, having lost our lands, 208. -
7 at-hjúkan
(now aðhjúkrun), f. [hjuka at e-m], heed, attention, care in the most tender sense of that word, e. g. that of a mother to her sick child; attention to a sick, frozen, shipwrecked, or destitute person, Fms. viii. 444, Finnb. 234, v. 1. -
8 bjarg-þrota
adj. destitute of means to live. -
9 MEGA
(má, mátta, mátt), v.1) to be able to do, with acc.; eigi eru Asynjur úhelgari ok eigi megu þær minna, they are not less powerful; svá at vér mættim ekki, so that we could do nothing; m. betr, to be the stronger; m. við e-m, to be able to withstand one (hann mun ekki m. einn við mörgum); skulu mikit þín orð m. við mik, thy words shall have much weight with me;2) of health; m. vel, to be well; m. lítt, illa, to be poorly (hann spurpi, hversu hann mætti. — Eigi má ek nú vel, sagði hann); m. e-m, to do for one (má yðr þat, er yfir margan gengr);3) with infin., to be able; mátt þú sjá hana, ef þú vill, thou canst see her, if thou wilt; hann mátti ekki mæla, he could say nothing;4) to be permitted, allowed (hann mátti aldri tala til Kjartans, svá at Þorkell var hjá); nú man eigi m. sitjanda hlut í eiga, one must not remain sitting, be inactive;5) ellipt., the verb being understood (lemja man ek bogann, ef ek má); ferr þat sem má, go that as it may; má, at, it is possible that; þeir spurðu hversu þat mætti, how that could be.* * *pres. in a pret. form má, mátt, má; plur. megum, megut, megu, later and mod. megit, mega; pret. mátti; subj. pres. megi, pret. mætti; part. mátt; with suff. má’k = má ek, Og. 33; mætta’k = mætta ek, Þkv. 3; máttú = mátt-þú, passim: with neg. suff. pres. 1st pers. má’k-a, I cannot, Stor. 18; má’k-at ek, Am. 12; má’k-a’k, 52; má’kk-at-ek, Hallfred (Fs. 107): pret. mátti’g-a’k, I could not, Og. 32: [Ulf. magan = δύνασθαι; A. S. magan; Engl. may, might; Germ. mögen; Dan. maae.]B. To have strength to do, avail; svá at vér mættim ekki, so that we availed not, Am. 17; mega betr, to be the stronger, Karl. 423; allt má þó nauðigr skyldi, a saying, i. e. necessity is a great schoolmaster, Sturl. iii. 255; eigi megu þær minna, they are not less powerful, Edda 13; hverr er sá Guð, eða hvat má hann? 2: with dat., mega við e-m, to be able to withstand one; hann mun ekki mega einn við mörgum, Art. 22; ekki má við marginum, none can withstand the many, Fms. xi. 278; mega sér, var honum haldit til vinnu þegar er hann mátti sér nokkut, as soon as he grew strong, had any strength, Bs. i. 35; skulu mikit þín orð mega við mik, thy words shall go for much, Nj. 175; jafnmikit mega níu momentur ok tólf, Rb. 458.2. of health, like Lat. valere; mega vel, to be well; mega ílla, lítt, to be poorly, and so on; Komtú í Hitardal? segir Sturla—Já, sagði ferðamaðr—Hversu mátti Þorleifr?—Vel mátti hann, ok því var betr, at hann mátti vel, Sturl. i. 89; Hallr spurði, hversu þær mætti,—Harðla vel megum vit, Fms. ii. 201; hann var spurðr hversu hann mætti,—Má ek harða ílla, vi. 237; hann spyrr at Sigvalda, honum er sagt, at hann mátti lítið, xi. 102; hann spurði hversu hann mætti,—Eigi má ek nú vel, sagði hann, Bs. i. 182:—to do for one, má yðr þat er yfir margan gengr, it will do for one, what all others must bear, Eb. 168.II. followed by an infinitive, to be able; mátt þú sjá hana ef þú vill, thou canst see her if thou wilt, Nj. 3; þóttusk menn eigi mega leita hans, Eg. 230; at hann mætti fá sæmd sína, Fms. vi. 398; allt þat hann má miðla, Grág. i. 250; fé máttu þeir ekki bjarga, Nj. 267; hann mátti ekki mæla, Band. 14; sá einn hlutr var svá, at Njáli féll svá nær, at hann mátti aldri úklökvandi um tala, Nj. 171; þaðan sem þú mátt vel eta, 75; litlar sögur megu ganga frá hesti mínum, 90; fá mættim vér betr; landtöku, id.; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Fms. x. 230; dyrr þær er ganga mátti upp í húsit, Eg. 421; svá at hann mátti kveða um morguninn, id.; má vera, it may be, Nj. 75: hvat megi! as adverb, hvat megi til vita! nema þér vilit bíða vár hér, may be ye will wait here for us, Band. 40 new Ed.; hvat megi vinna okkrum ástum? Konnak; and so in countless instances.2. to be permitted, allowed; hann mátti aldri tala til Kjartans svá at Þorkell væri hjá, Ld. 232; halda máttú þessu sæti þótt hón komi sjálf til, Nj. 6; graut má göra hvárt er sygnt er eða heilagt, N. G. L. i. 349; kynfylgju spell, svá at hann má eigi ( cannot) lag eiga við konu sína, þá megu þau ( then they may) skiljast, H. E. i. 248; nú man eigi mega sitjanda hlut í eiga, in that case one must not remain sitting, be inactive, a looker on, Nj. 110; hann kvað þat eigi mega (that would not do, not be lawful) er maðr var sekr orðinn, 117.3. ellipt., the verb göra or vera being understood; lemja man ek bogann, ef ek má (viz. göra þat), Fms. x. 362; þat má vel, sagði Özurr. I may as well do so, I will, Nj. 6, Barl. 2, 4, 25: ef svá má (viz. vera), if so be, Grág. i. 411: the saying, ungr má en gamall skal, the young may, the old must (die); nálgastú mik ef þú megir, if thou canst, Gm.; þeir spurðu, hversu þat mætti, Fms. ix. 239; ok má (it may be, perhaps), at hans menn fari á land, Fbr. 74 new Ed.; en þá, verðr eptir þat sem má, leave the rest to luck, Gullþ. 7; ferr þat sem má, fare that as it may, go that as it may, Nj. 38; en þat mætti (viz. vera) at vér vikim þá skammt inn at leginu, Fms. vii. 361; má ok, at sumir sé vinhollir nokkut, ix. 331; má, at hana hendi eigi slík úgipta í annat sinn, Nj. 23; má, at ek leiti þagat vináttu. Fms. vi. 399: the ellipt. mættim (hafa), ix. 239 (lines 17, 18), is a mere slip.III. part. megandi, availing, mighty, strong; athafnarlauss ok ekki megandi, listless and of no avail, Fms. iii. 154; fylldi hann þat heit, er hann var megandi maðr, as soon as he grew to be a man of might, Bs. i. 791; lítt megandi, ‘of little main,’ feeble, helpless, Vsp. 17; ú-megandi, poor, destitute; cp. ú-magi. -
10 ómaga-mót
n. a law term, of the case in which a person maintains an ómagi until he becomes destitute himself, Grág. i. 289. -
11 ór-kostr
m. means, resources; hafa, eiga, órkost til e-s, Grág. i. 185, ii. 155, K. Þ. K. 90: in the mod. phrase, eiga einskis úrkosti, to be destitute of means. -
12 sektar-úmagi
a, m. the destitute child of an outlaw, Grág. i. 237. -
13 sneyði-ligr
adj. destitute. Mar. -
14 snópa
(-ta), v. to be idle, snuffle.* * *pres. snópir, to idle about dismally (destitute and hapless); sitr ok snópir, Hm. 32; snópa snauðr, Fas. iii. 12 (in a verse); so in the mod. phrase, snópa úti í kulda. -
15 vesöld
(gen. -aldar), f. misery, wretchedness.* * *f. (vesæld is never found), gen. vesaldar, [vesall], misery, Fas. iii. 129, MS. 677. 8, Hkr. iii. 288, Stj. 50; válaðs ok vesaldar, Clem. 135; víls ok vesaldar, Fms. iii. 95; eymdir ok vesaldir, Stj. 45: passim in old and mod. usage, vesaldar-maðr, a destitute person, Grett. 112 A. -
16 ÞROT
n. lack, want (þar er ekki þrot átu); at þrotum kominn, worn out, exhausted (þeir vóru þá allir at þrotum komnir of matleysi).* * *n. [þrjóta], a lack, want; þar er ekki þrot átu, Sks. 176.2. as a law term, the state of a pauper, destitution; þar skal þrot heita sem úmaginn er …, Jb. 167; ef maðr vill seljask arfsali, ok eigi til þrota, but not so as to be destitute, Grág. i. 204; maðr á þess kost at seljask arfsali … ef hann hefir eigi til þrots selt, 227; ef umagi er seldr til þrots, 268, Fs. 142; en ef þau verða at þrotum, þá eru þat grafgangs-menn, N. G. L. i. 33; nú sækir þrot bóanda í héraði, if he becomes a pauper, 52; nú ef þrot sækir þann mann sem jörð hefir selt til stemnu, 96; liggja í þroti, to be in a state of destitution, Greg. 28.3. plur., in the phrase, at þrotum kominn, come to one’s last gasp, worn out from sheer exhaustion; mátt-dregnir af matleysi ok kulda, ok mjök at þrotum komnir, Fms. ii. 98; at þrotum komnir af matleysi, viii. 441, Stj. 395, 414; og nær var æfi er að þrotum komin, og vér liggjum fyrir dauðans porti, Vídal.; þá er þat ríki komit at auðn ok þrotum, Sks. 347.COMPDS: þrotabú, þrotamaðr. -
17 þrot-ráði
or -ráða, adj. destitute, pauper; í sveit Hrafns var maðr þ., … við mörgum mönnum félausum tók hann þeim er þ. vóru, Bs. i. 643; nú berr kviðr at hann varð þar þ. í þeim fjórðungi, Grág. i. 272; er þeir verða þ., … ef ómagar verða þrotráða, 240, 241. -
18 ör-birgr
adj. destitute. -
19 ör-eigi
and ör-eiga, adj. also used as a noun, want, destitution.2. ‘out of owning,’ poor, destitute, Al. 5; ef sá maðr er ö. er þá kirkju á, N. G. L. i. 388; ef sá maðr andask er öreigi er, ok er engi maðr skyldr at gjalda skuldir hans, Grág. i. 408; öreigi ok féþurfi, Fms. ii. 80; ef þeir menn eru á skipinu er búa ómegðar-búi, ok sé menn öreiga, K. Þ. K. 90; tólf aura öreiga-mund, N. G. L. i. 27, 54, see mundr. -
20 ör-kostr
m. a resource, way out of a difficulty; hann skal gjalda sex aura … ef hann á örkost til en ekki elligar, Grág. ii. 155; ek hefi slíkan örkost (mat, Bs. i, l. c.) ætlat til Jóla-vistar mönnum sem hér hefir lengi vant verit, Sturl. i. 216: so in the phrase, eiga einskis úrkostar, to have means for nothing, be destitute; ef hann á þess úrkosti, if he has means to do it.II. a ‘want of choice,’ lack; fundu þeir at Ægis örkost hvera, they found no cauldron by Æ., Hým. 1.
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См. также в других словарях:
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destitute — ► ADJECTIVE 1) extremely poor and lacking the means to provide for oneself. 2) (destitute of) not having. DERIVATIVES destitution noun. ORIGIN originally in the sense «deserted, abandoned»: from Latin destituere forsake … English terms dictionary
destitute — [des′tə to͞ot΄, des′tətyo͞ot΄] adj. [ME < L destitutus, pp. of destituere, to forsake, abandon < de , down, away + statuere, to set, place: see STATUTE] 1. not having; being without; lacking (with of) [destitute of trees] 2. lacking the… … English World dictionary
destitute of — index devoid, insufficient Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
destitute — (adj.) late 14c., abandoned, forsaken, from L. destitutus abandoned, pp. of destituere forsake, from de away + statuere put, place, causative of stare to stand, from PIE root *sta to stand (see STET (Cf … Etymology dictionary
destitute — 1 *devoid, void Analogous words: lacking, wanting (see LACK vb): *deficient: *empty: barren, *bare: depleted, drained, exhausted, bankrupted or bankrupt (see corresponding verbs at … New Dictionary of Synonyms
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destitute — adj. destitute of (destitute of feeling) * * * [ destɪtjuːt] destitute of (destitute of feeling) … Combinatory dictionary
